Spatiotemporal pattern of gypsum blooms in the Salton Sea,California, during 2000-2018     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Algal blooms and the resulting deterioration of water quality have threatened the environmental health of inland lakes. This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of gypsum blooms in the Salton Sea, the largest inland water body in California. An innovative gypsum bloom index (GI) was proposed to detect gypsum blooms based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)/Terra data for three bands (469, 555, and 859 nm) during 2000–2018. Discoloration (from green to reddish brown) was observed in the gypsum bloom-infested waters mapped using the hue, saturation, and value (HSV) color model. We found that: (1) the GI is able to effectively map gypsum blooms in the Salton Sea with a relatively high accuracy (85 %); (2) the largest gypsum bloom area was observed in summer (August and September), with notable gypsum blooms lasting more than 40 days in 2003, 2005, 2006, 2016, and 2018; (3) the gypsum bloom-infested waters shifted from the center to the southeastern shore of the lake during 2003–2018, and the frequency of gypsum blooms significantly increased since 2008. Meanwhile, the temporal and spatial differences between the northwestern and southeastern lake increased over the observation period; and (4) discoloration occurred in the gypsum bloom-infested waters and lasted for 14 days on average, longer periods of discoloration (more than 20 days) occurred d in 2002, 2016, and 2018. The reconstruction of gypsum bloom dynamics in the Salton Sea provides valuable information for the practical management and restoration of the Salton Sea.  相似文献   

北部湾棕囊藻藻华原因种分析     

徐轶肖  何喜林  张腾  蓝文陆 《热带海洋学报》2020,39(6):122-130

近年来, 棕囊藻已成为我国北部湾海域藻华发生的主要原因种, 严重影响北部湾海洋生态环境、水产增养殖业和防城港核电安全, 急切需要对棕囊藻藻华原因种作进一步分析确认。2017年2月和3月在钦州湾和涠洲岛藻华发生海域分离得到9株棕囊藻, 采用光学显微镜进行形态学初步鉴定, 并通过核糖体小亚基序列(SSU rDNA)进行系统进化分析。研究结果表明, 北部湾9株棕囊藻与球形棕囊藻形态特征基本符合, 系统发育树与不同海域来源的球形棕囊藻聚在同一大分支上, 与其他海域来源的球形棕囊藻遗传距离为0.0000~0.0071, 其中北部湾WZS3-1株与墨西哥湾株CCMP627、苏里南株CCMP628、厄瓜多尔株CCMP1528、南非株P162、中国海株RCC:K1398及汕头株Santou97的球形棕囊藻亲缘关系最近, 遗传距离为0.0000, 而北部湾WZS1、WZS2、WZS4、WZS5株与香港株SKLMP_T005和渤海株BOHAI1亲缘关系最近, 遗传距离为0.0000。球形棕囊藻的种内遗传距离(0.0000~0.0073)明显小于种间遗传距离(0.0084~0.0440), 因此可确定来自北部湾不同海域的9株棕囊藻均为球形棕囊藻。此外, 球形棕囊藻各藻株间的亲缘关系远近与其地理位置分布不能完全对应。本研究结果将为我国棕囊藻藻华藻种库构建、棕囊藻北部湾株生理生态研究和北部湾棕囊藻藻华发生机理研究等提供参考。  相似文献   

黑龙江呼兰河湿地藻类植物群落结构及分布特点   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

惠洪宽  马跃  范亚文 《湖泊科学》2011,23(6):949-954

2009年5-10月期间对呼兰河湿地8个样点进行了5次藻类植物采样调查,经显微镜观察,共鉴定藻类植物158个分类单位,包括148种10变种,隶属于7门8纲14目23科50属.呼兰河湿地藻类群落组成以硅藻、绿藻为主,藻类植物的细胞密度变化范围在469.55×105-847.35×105 cells/L之间,不同采样点藻类...  相似文献   

有害藻华的预测技术和防灾减灾对策研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王丹  刘桂梅  何恩业  李津 《地球科学进展》2013,28(2):233-242

有害藻华给海洋生物、海水养殖业、海洋环境和公共健康安全造成了极大的威胁,已经成为世界性的海洋环境灾害之一.近几十年,我国近海有害藻华的发生频率和发生规模不断扩大,给国家经济发展和公共医疗卫生造成了极大的经济损失和不利影响.主要介绍了国内外常用的有害藻华预测技术,并参考国内外有效的有害藻华防治措施,为我国有害藻华的防灾减灾工作提出建议.我国亟需逐步建立有害藻华综合预警报业务体系和完备的应急减灾体系,才能进一步提升有害藻华等海洋环境灾害的应对能力.  相似文献   

Pseudo-nitzschia spp. (Bacillariophyceae) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) dynamics in the Ebro Delta (Alfacs Bay, NW Mediterranean Sea)     

Sofia Loureiro  Esther Garcs  Margarita Fernndez-Tejedor  Dolors Vaqu  Jordi Camp 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,83(4):539-549

Samples were collected during one annual cycle (April 2007–March 2008) at Alfacs Bay (NW Mediterranean Sea) central station in order to assess the influence of organic nutrients in the growth of the microalgae assemblage, with special reference to Pseudo-nitzschia spp. This potentially toxic diatom forms natural and recurrent blooms in the study area. To assess further the relationship between Pseudo-nitzschia spp. and nutrients an enrichment experiment with high molecular weight dissolved organic matter (HMWDOM) was performed with field samples obtained during a Pseudo-nitzschia spp. bloom. HMWDOM was extracted from water collected at Alfacs Bay. Five bioassays were prepared: N + P (seawater with addition of nitrate and phosphate), DOM (addition of HMWDOM), (−N + P) + DOM (nitrogen deficient, with addition of phosphate and HMWDOM), (N + P) + DOM (addition of nitrate, phosphate and HMWDOM), seawater control (without added nutrients), and B + DOM (control of bacteria, without microalgae). The experiment was run in batch mode over 4 days. Results from the field study revealed that the concentrations of organic nutrients mostly surpassed the inorganic pool. Pseudo-nitzschia spp. was the most frequent and abundant taxa of the microalgae community. The micro-planktonic assemblage was arranged according to a seasonal factor (ANOSIM and cluster analysis). DON, nitrate and silicate were the most important abiotic parameters contributing to the dissimilarities between seasons (SIMPER analysis) and thereby potentially influencing the seasonal distribution of microalgae in the representative station. In the experimental investigation, Pseudo-nitzschia cells increased by the end of the experiment in the DOM bioassay but no respective increase was observed for chlorophyll a. This could point to an acquisition of nutrients through the DOM fraction that would conjointly reduce the need of chlorophyll a. The data obtained suggest that organic nutrients may exert an important role in the development of microalgae, including Pseudo-nitzschia spp., in the selected location.  相似文献   

气候变化对汉江水华影响评价的参数模型分析方法及其应用研究(英文)     

夏瑞  陈志  周云 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2012,(3):209-219

气候变化对河流和湖泊水环境的影响是当前国际国内关注的热点问题和学科前沿问题之一。但是由于其复杂性和不确定性,目前对该问题的科学研究和成果仍然十分有限。本文针对水质污染中的富营养化问题,以中国南水北调中线工程调水区的汉江流域为例,开发和应用了多元线性回归、多元非线性回归、人工神经网络及河流富营养化模型等多种评价方法,建立了与气象要素、水文要素、营养盐负荷相联系的多输入单输出富营养化系统参数模型,深入分析了在人类活动和经济发展所产生的影响以外,气候变化在此基础上对水体富营养化的增益作用。最后本文通过单因子和多因子分析法,甄别出不同情景下各要素对汉江水华的影响。通过计算得出,当其中某一项要素变化而其他两项不变时,其导致河流富营养化的贡献度依次为:污染负荷(14.82%)、水文要素(5.56%)、气象要素(3.7%);当污染负荷和水文要素同时变化时对水华的贡献度最大(20.37%),其次是当污染负荷和气象要素同时变化其贡献度为(15.82%),最后为水文要素和气象要素同时变化时的贡献度为(11.11%)。研究结果表明,对于中国这样的发展中国家来说,当控源和治污不能在短时间内达到良好的效果的时候,气候因素会增加水污染的风险性。即使水体内部污染源稳定,气候变化依然会通过改变水温和水文情势进而影响水体富营养化程度。最后本文通过多种方法比较,根据预测和评估得出的结果制定相应的防治对策,从而对今后的相关研究可起澄清概念和指明方向的作用。  相似文献   

有害赤潮藻赤潮异弯藻Heterosigma akashiwo研究进展     

姬南京  张珍珍  黄金旺  申欣 《海洋科学》2021,45(2):127-136

浮游植物不仅在食物链中充当贡献者,也在生物地球化学循环过程中扮演着重要角色,然而一些种类在某些条件下暴发性增殖或聚集,形成有害藻华,对人类健康和生态系统构成威胁。赤潮异弯藻是形成有害藻华的典型物种,其藻华发生时会造成养殖鱼类大面积死亡,给水产养殖业造成巨大损失。近年来,随着全球气候变暖、水体富营养化程度日趋严重,有害藻华发生的规模和频次总体呈增加趋势,且相关研究表明气候变暖和二氧化碳水平升高均能刺激赤潮异弯藻的生长。本文主要从赤潮异弯藻物种鉴定、基础生物学研究、生态学研究等几个方面综述了该物种的研究进展,并对其未来研究方向进行了相关展望,以期为赤潮异弯藻的藻华形成机制研究、藻华防治等工作提供参考。  相似文献   

Fragmentation as a Strategy for Caulerpa Species: Fates of Fragments and Implications for Management of an Invasive Weed   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Celia M. Smith  & Linda J. Walters 《Marine Ecology》1999,20(3-4):307-319

Abstract. The successful growth of fragments to full size macroalgal clones is well known for many taxa in mariculture. From an ecological context, however, few studies relate success by invasive species to the ability to fragment readily, disperse widely or re-attach rapidly - obvious hallmarks of weedy species. This study compares morphologically and ecologically distinct species of the green alga Caulerpa : in the Mediterranean, Caulerpa taxifolia is well known as an invasive weed; Caulerpa prolifera grows around or inside seagrass beds and is not apparently invasive; Caulerpa verticillata is among the most diminutive species, with potentially the most restricted reef distribution. We tested three hypotheses: (i) fragment success is independent of size, (ii) fragment success is independent of position within the plant and (iii) fragments from all species will be equally successful in establishing rhizoids, the first step to re-attachment. The success of small fragments (5–40 mm lengths) cut from distinct locations within replicate plants was scored for survival and establishment of rhizoids in bioassays. Additionally, for C. taxifolia , estimates were made of the force needed to puncture upright and prostrate axes, thereby estimating forces required to generate fragments from these two sources. Among the three species, only upright axes of C. taxifolia readily recovered from fragmentation stress for fragment sizes > 10 mm. The forces required to fragment upright axes were substantially less than for comparable rhizome portions. Fragments of C. prolifera were viable only for rhizome portions; fragments of C. verticillata were not viable at any size examined in this study. Estimates of viable fragment size, origin and force required to fragment axes for C. taxifolia support existing field data suggesting that fragmentation is the effective propagation mechanism underlying the spread of this invasive weed.  相似文献   

Comparative study of hydrographic conditions for algal bloom formation in the coastal waters of east and west of Hong Kong during 1998     

方宏达  唐森铭 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(1):13-21

Phytoplankton abundance was found to be positively correlated with seasonal changes of seawater temperature in Port Shelter and Lamma Channel, Hong Kong in 1998. Rising water temperature from around 20°C to 25°C coincided with an increase in phytoplankton abundance at both locations. Heavy rains from June to September reduced salinity from 30 to 20, but the decrease in salinity was not correlated with a decline in phytoplankton abundance. In spring 1998, over 0.6×106 cells dm-3 and 0.1×106 cells dm-3 of the...  相似文献   

太湖蓝藻水华遥感动态监测预警模型的建立   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

魏清宇  江南  吕恒  王甡 《地球信息科学学报》2008,10(2):156-160

湖泊富营养化和蓝藻水华暴发是当前我国湖泊面临的最重要的环境问题之一。本文分析了内陆湖泊太湖蓝藻监测的主要问题。并详细阐述了蓝藻水华遥感动态监测预警模型的建立,即,采用生物光学模型与气象环境预警模型相结合的方式,辅以图形图像学的模块匹配验证,对蓝藻水华暴发前进行临界状态的灾害等级警示,理论上较单纯监测微囊藻叶绿素a浓度值来实现水华暴发预警更为准确。这样,提前采取相应的技术措施,减少蓝藻水华暴发带来的影响和损失。  相似文献